Image: NASA
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- be expected to have exceptionally great social value;
- have great time urgency;
- have expected benefits that would be widely shared;
- be justified over alternate approaches to meeting the mission’s
objectives; - establish that existing health and safety standards cannot be met;
- be committed to minimizing harm and continuous learning;
- have a rigorous consent process to ensure that astronauts are fully informed about risks and unknowns, meet standards of in- formed decision making, and are making a voluntary decision, and
- provide health care and health monitoring for astronauts before, during, and after flight and for the astronaut’s lifetime.
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